Biology Jill Notes Study Guide This is a study guide for Jill's Biology Class. Simply mouse over the text to display the answer. This was programmed by hand by Erty Seidel. Visit his website and read his weekday webcomic at www.ertyseidel.com. He uses the screennames Ertyseidel and Lord Revx. If you think something is wrong, or an answer is incorrect (which it probably is), send an email to erik-dot-seidel-at-ourschoolname-dot-org

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Chloroplast
Organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis.

Thykaloid
Where the light reactions take place and the conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in ATP and NADPH occurs.

Grana
A stack of thylakoids. Chloroplasts can have from 10 to 100 grana. They use photoexcited electrons to convert solar energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (sugar and oxygen).

Stroma
The fluid filled area of a chloroplast outside of the thylakoid membranes.

Chlorophyll(a+b)
Green photosynthetic pigments found in most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria.

Photosynthesis Equation
6CO2+6H2O--)C6H12O6+O2

Carotene
An orange photosynthetic pigment important for photosynthesis. It is responsible for the orange color of the carrot and many other fruits and vegetables.

Anthocyanin
Water soluble vacuolar flavonoid pigments that appear red to blue, depending on pH. They are found exclusively in the plant kingdom. They protect the leaves from too much light

Xanthophyll
Yellow pigment that is involved in photosynthesis.

Thin Layer Chromatography
a widely-used chromatography technique used to separate chemical compounds

Chromatography
A family of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture through a stationary phase, which separates it from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated.

Cromatogram
The visual output of the Chromatography

Stationary Phase
The substance which is fixed in place for the chromatography procedure and is the phase to which solvents and the analyte travels through or binds to. For example, the silica layer in thin layer chromatography.

Mobile Phase
The analyte and solvent mixture which travel through the stationary phase.

Rate of Flow Equation

Electromagnetic Spectrum
The range of all possible electromagnetic radiation.

Glucose
C6H12O6. A simple sugar that is the result of photosynthesis.

Cellular Respiration
The process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes (ATP and NADPH)

Psycocyanin
A blue fluorescent pigment

Psychoerythrin
A red fluorescent pigment





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